A Shuffled Deck of Cards is Random?

[swamidass (S. Joshua Swamidass)]

@Ashwin_s

Except mutations are biased in some important ways towards beneficial mutations

This is pretty much what Shapiro is arguing.
He doesn’t say stochastic processes are not involved.
His point of view seems to be that the organism has built in systems that promote the emergence of adaptive mutations.
That’s a marked contrast to how I have heard many evolutionary biologists talk about the process of change.

And yet I’m aligned with the vast majority of biologists against Shapiro. Go figure.