Male ducks are handsome, not cute. And always stubborn. Females ogres are almost always repugnant, but cute on occasion when they are amusingly stubborn.
Reference?
I missed this post the other night - or approval delay caused an issue. It would be helpful if you would cite and quote a source for the ancient DNA or the present day distribution or it will be difficult to discuss.
Below is the wider context for the quote you are referring to. @John_Harshman this quote is also relevant to your comments.
A closer examination of the details of R1b allows us to visualize the timing and movement of R1b into Europe. For example, one of the early R1b branches (R1b-M73) that broke away from the main R1b lineage tends to be concentrated in Eastern Europe — in Russia near
Kazakhstan (Color Plate 66). Between the a.d. 700s and 1400s, additional R1b branches (R1b-M269, R1b-L23) broke away from the main branch. These are found primarily in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, in Turkey, and in the Caucasus region (Color Plates 67–68). After the a.d. 1400s, the R1b lineages seem to have undergone a rapid expansion and dispersal. In the span of a century (a.d. 1450s to 1550s), the main R1b lineage appears to have left Turkey and the Balkans and migrated into Western Europe. Along the way, it split into
several different subgroups. The first split separated it into a central European group (R1b-U106) and a southwestern European group (R1b-S116). The R1b-U106 men now dominate the Netherlands, Ger-
many, and Austria (Color Plate 69). As you move away from these countries in almost any direction, the frequency of R1b-U106 drops off. The R1b-S116 lineage dominates French, Spanish, and Portuguese Y chromosomes (Color Plate 70). The R1b-S116 group then underwent further subdivision. One branch (R1b-U152) seems to have gone primarily into Switzerland and Italy (Color Plate 71). The other branch (R1b-M529) appears to have crossed the English Channel and concentrated in the British Isles and Ireland (Color Plate 72). There, it underwent yet another subdivision
into R1b-M222, which is found almost exclusively in the British Isles and Ireland (Color Plate 73). Together, these data suggest a migration route (Color Plate 74):
• In the a.d. 400s to 700s, the ancestral population of R1b men resided somewhere in far Eastern Europe or Central Asia.
• Then, in the a.d. 700s to 1400s, a subgroup of these men started moving westward, leaving the M73 lineage behind.
• Some of the migrating men settled down in places they crossed, like western Russia, the Caucasus, Turkey, the Balkans, and the former Eastern Bloc European countries. The ones who stayed in these places gave rise to the M269 and L23 lineages.
Then, in the a.d. 1400s and 1500s, something happened to push another group in the direction of Central and Western Europe:
• Migration and dispersal appear to have happened rapidly. The sub-lineages that concentrated in central Europe (U106), in France and the Iberian Peninsula (S116), in Switzerland
and Italy (U152), and in the British Isles and Ireland (M529, M222) all separated within a few decades of each other.
• These lineages that appear suddenly in Central and Western Europe are largely missing from the Balkans, Turkey, and the Caucasus.
This path also happens to follow the natural topography of Europe (Color Plate 75). From the east, the easiest route into Europe is around, not over, the Carpathian Mountains. North of the Carpathians takes you into cold Poland. South of the Carpathians takes you into the
sunny Balkans. Once you’re in the Balkans, the quickest way out is on flat land through gaps between the Dinaric Alps and Carpathians. Then, once you’re in the central European plain, your options are more limited. To
get to the British Isles, you have to cross water — the English Channel. To get to Spain or Italy, you have to cross the Pyrenees or Alps, respectively. But these movements involve short distances. Trekking
across the Atlantic Ocean or Mediterranean Sea requires more effort. It’s almost as if these R1b migrants moved out as quickly as they could, and then dispersed as far as they could with minimal effort. Taken together, these results imply that something happened, perhaps in the Balkan/Turkish region in the a.d. 1400s and 1500s, that prompted a group of R1b men to migrate away from and out of this region and into the rest of Europe. But what? In the latter half of the a.d. 1300s and first half of the a.d. 1400s, the Ottoman empire expanded into Europe (Color Plate 32). From a.d. 1451 to a.d. 1566, the Ottomans made their deepest push into Europe,
pushing farther north into what is now Hungary, laying waste to the region (Color Plate 32). This conquest moved the Ottoman’s European territorial border to its farthest extent. Perhaps this Ottoman Turkish
advance into southeastern Europe pushed the R1b residents out.
Do I need to point out that YEC specifically try to advance scientific ideas that will show dating isn’t reliable? Yes, his time scale is wrong or dating is wrong. Again, there were only 4 Y-chromosome studies that provided a de novo mutation rate. Two were low coverage. Karmin et.al was high coverage. They decided their first result was wrong because the mutation rate did not match other published studies. They applied additional filters. Jeanson pointed out their final result shows evidence of being incorrect. Almost all evolutionary studies use circular assumptions to date humanity, so of course they will all agree.
I specifically was referring to your “teleporting” comment, because of course Jeanson was not claiming that. You are misunderstanding, but again, it’s very hard for you to criticize the book accurately without reading it. This post is getting long but perhaps I’ll go back and offer the “substantive criticism” where I can. Your posts are rather lengthy, so responding is time-consuming.
Humans aren’t animals. Selective advantage can also be cultural. Perhaps their culture valued having more children. Just like in our modern context, we often see the newest migrants having more children.
Why couldn’t the group’s selective advantage be limited to Western Europe?