Nope. Both point mutations in, and copy number changes of the gene pfmdr1 also increase chloroquine resistance, they just don’t give as high resistance as PfCRT mutations. They do however also work synergistically with PfCRT mutations.
There is even some evidence that mutations in a 3rd gene, pfmrp, also contributes to CQ resistance.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014579311003012#b0610
A mere matter of decades.
So evolving resistance in decades is not impressive to you. Okay. I’m sure evolutionary biology will collapse under the realization that a parasite is currently only known to have evolved resistance to a novel drug through mutations and selection on at least three different genes, in a matter of decades.
It’s weird how this is even possible, given how often we’re told natural selection is powerless to do anything but weakly slow down the inevitable fitness decline to extinction.
Edit: Re-posting because I accidentally replied to wrong person.