At first glance, perhaps, but the history of Challenge Trials should give everyone pause (The Hideous Truths Of Testing the Hepatitis Vaccine On Humans). This is a significant departure from standard scientific studies over the last 50 years.
Technically, the risk of infection is not 100% if the vaccine is effective. Rather, the risk of exposure is 100%. They propose only including people in their twenties, who they claim have extremely low risk of having serious complications to infection.
It is a an if, but the real point of the statement was that these scientists (15 Nobel Laureates) thought that predicated on this premise we should do challenge trials. For reference, here is their letter: 1DaySooner: Open Letter on Challenge Trials for COVID-19