Developing College-Level ID/Creation Courses

One can’t generalize one example of an orphan as an explanation for another orphan. In the man-made world it’s rather easy to make a new paper weight from something else, not so easy to make a spark plug and engine cylinder from a ceramic bowl and fork.

The other thing is, especially in eukaryotes, there are chromatin modifying complexes such as the Polycomb PRC2. It requires multiple proteins to connect to each other according to the right geometry and even interact with lncRNA HOTAIR. In humans HOTAIR emerges from Chromosome 12 and docks with PRC2 in places like Chromosome 2 and then coordinates modification of a single residue on Histone 3 in a particular location on Chromosome 2 by connecting to PRC2.

One can postulate the evolution of such intricate coordination and connection happens randomly, but for the readers benefit, just look at all the connection sites and domains, that implies proper binding as well as recruitment and assembly and disassembly.

To just say some orphan freak can emerge doesn’t explain emergence of proteins that that coordinate to make complexes like PRC2 which act like a concerted machine:

prc2

That requires coordinated changes in multiple proteins simultaneously, plus the associated postranslational modifications, not just some freak orphan showing up from an open reading frame getting translated.

And this is just a modest example. Some forms of double stranded break repair that require chromatin remodelling and mutliple checkpoints are probably better examples, but too difficult to describe in this short space. Yet another problem for evolving a system (like eukaryotes) from a creature that lacks chromatin.