Experimental evidence for very long term processes

[Roy (30-year veteran)]

@Giltil

@John_Harshman

And need we mention the Texas sharpshooter fallacy again

By appealing to the Texas sharpshooter fallacy, you are assuming that there always exist a multitude of evolutionary pathways to deal with a given problem. But what are the evidence that this is true?

Zoology. The existence of multiple things that evolution has produced to address almost every problem it has solved, from flight to venom to arctic survival to stealth to seed scattering to burrowing to oxygen transport to pest repulsion to …

In fact, it seems that the available evidence we have suggest the opposite, ie that very few solutions exist.

What evidence is that, exactly?