The Limits of Objectivity: A Philosophical Inquiry into the Nature of Existence

Note: My initial attempt at posting was unsuccessful, with feedback suggesting I should ‘try writing something of value for humans.’ This time, I’m taking a different approach, fully embracing the human side of things—perhaps too much so. It’s up to you to decide.

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For as long as I can remember, the questions of life’s meaning and the nature of passing away have preoccupied my thoughts This existential anxiety has shaped much of my intellectual and emotional life, driving me toward a relentless search for understanding. From early childhood, I sought to comprehend the fundamental nature of existence, the purpose behind our being, and what transpires upon death. In my pursuit, I turned to science as the primary means of inquiry, not with any formal academic training, but with an insatiable curiosity that led me to consume any material I could find on the subject. My approach, though not scholarly in the conventional sense, was driven by a deep conviction that these questions warranted urgent exploration.

The more I studied, the more I became convinced that the search for meaning within the natural world was not just an intellectual pursuit, but a fundamental part of my very being. As my exploration deepened, my inquiry grew more focused, narrowing into three key areas: the origin of life, the process of evolution, and the nature of consciousness

However, during this period, the scientific explanations I encountered offered little comfort. The prevailing paradigm of evolutionary biology and neurophysiology suggested that life arose by mere chance, that evolution was a blind and purposeless process, and that consciousness, if it existed at all, was merely an emergent property of the brain’s physical structure. Such conclusions, while rooted in empirical evidence, struck me as deeply disconcerting. They implied that life was a series of meaningless events, unfolding arbitrarily, destined to culminate into nothingness. This perspective left me feeling adrift, a being with no clear purpose, merely waiting for the final encounter.

Aligned with this mindset, I embraced a form of militant atheism, convinced that science had delivered the definitive verdict. But as my intellectual journey continued, I began to encounter viewpoints that challenged my previously held assumptions. I discovered that for each of the subjects I had delved into—the origin of life, evolutionary theory, and consciousness—there were alternative perspectives, often overlooked or dismissed by mainstream science. In the case of life’s origin, for instance, the dominant hypothesis that life arose from random molecular collisions appeared increasingly improbable. This is not to suggest that the hypothesis is definitively wrong, but rather to highlight that it remains incomplete, leaving significant gaps in our understanding. There may be mechanisms at work that counteract randomness. The truth is, we do not yet know how life originated. We can only speculate. And while it does not necessarily follow that some divine or intelligent force played a role in the emergence of life, we must acknowledge the limits of our current explanatory models.

In the realm of evolutionary biology, I found a growing minority of reputable scientists advocating for a “third way”—a teleonomic view of evolution. These theorists posit that evolution might not be entirely blind and purposeless, as traditionally conceived, but could involve some form of goal-directedness. This idea, while controversial and not widely accepted, raises important questions about the philosophical assumptions embedded within mainstream evolutionary theory. Why, I wondered, has this line of inquiry been dismissed by many as unworthy of serious consideration? Is it possible that science’s commitment to a mechanistic, materialist worldview—one that interprets nature as a mindless, purposeless machine—has led to the systematic exclusion of alternative explanations? Has science’s methodological naturalism, which restricts inquiry to observable and measurable phenomena, inadvertently imposed blinders that limit its ability to explore all potential avenues of investigation?

The issue becomes even more pronounced when we turn to the problem of consciousness. Despite the impressive advancements in neuroscience, we remain profoundly ignorant of how subjective experience arises from the neural processes of the brain. How does a 1.4-kilogram mass of matter give rise to self-awareness, thoughts, emotions, and intentionality? We do not even know where consciousness resides in the brain, or why it appears to emerge most prominently when we encounter the natural world in certain ways. While some scientists argue that consciousness is an emergent property of complex neural networks, this hypothesis remains speculative at best, with no clear consensus on how or why it occurs.

These reflections led me to a troubling conclusion: perhaps science, despite its many successes, is not as objective as it claims to be. It is guided by certain philosophical assumptions—assumptions that shape the types of questions we ask and, more crucially, the kinds of answers we accept. The scientific community often operates within a paradigm that prioritizes empirical evidence and observable phenomena, yet this approach overlooks or disregards the subjective nature of reality, which may be just as crucial to understanding existence. Moreover, by focusing exclusively on certain types of evidence that fit within its materialistic worldview, science may inadvertently close itself off to alternative explanations or perspectives that do not conform to its established paradigms.

I do not wish to dismiss the achievements of science, nor am I suggesting that it lacks value in answering profound questions. Rather, my intention is to highlight the inherent limitations of the scientific method when it comes to addressing the deepest existential concerns. Science excels at uncovering the mechanics of the natural world, yet, as indicated, it is less equipped to engage with the subjective experience of being. If one argues that science is not meant to explore the subjective dimensions of nature, then it should similarly refrain from attempting to answer questions about the meaninglessness of life. For all its power, science still lacks a coherent explanation for the nature of consciousness, the origin of life, or the true meaning of existence. In fact, the very framework of science—its commitment to objectivity and empirical verification—may prevent it from engaging with these questions in a more holistic or integrative manner

In the end, my journey through science has led me to a place of intellectual humility. We do not yet know the answers to life’s most profound questions, and the scientific worldview, for all its contributions, remains incomplete. The mystery of existence is not something that can be neatly tied up within the confines of a materialist worldview. As long as science continues to overlook or dismiss the subjective dimensions of reality, it will never fully grasp the nature of being. It is only through a more open, interdisciplinary approach—one that integrates science with philosophy, theology, and the arts—that we may begin to inch closer to a deeper understanding of who we are, why we are here, and what it all means.

Cute story.

You feel existential dread so kept searching for answers and when you didn’t like what you found you concluded that couldn’t be the answer, so kept searching with a clear bias towards concluding that truth correlated with how pleasing you found the answers. Not a good guide to truth I’m sorry to say.

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I think LRT is only suggesting for a more holistic view of understanding reality. Do you disagree that only viewing reality through a scientific lens can be misleading?

I will disagree. Results from science are, on the whole, less misleading than any other lens one might choose, AND we have hard data to show it.

I will suggest that those other lenses have different purposes which are not scientific. Those are properly applied to corresponding purpose.

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If molecular biologists had figured out the origin of life, or neuroscientists had explained how a 1.4-kilogram mass gives rise to self-awareness, thoughts, emotions, and intentionality, and if there was no empirical evidence pointing toward a clear teleonomic “third way,” I wouldn’t feel the need to explore these existential questions, as you suggest.

None of the points I raised in my original post necessarily imply that God is the answer.

True objectivity requires considering all avenues of investigation before dismissing them. Did you take the time to carefully engage with my arguments before responding?

Respectfully,

“True Objectivity” might be a point of contention. In science we at least have ways to measure things that are reasonably objective, and where not perfect, can be improve through better science. Things like “Thirds Ways” (whatever that means) only look appealing until they fail at all attempts to be objective.

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You don’t appear to have made any arguments, so that would be difficult. You made certain claims, particularly about other “ways of knowing”. But none of those seem either objective, testable, or reliable. If science doesn’t answer a question, the proper position is “we don’t know”. Yet, or possibly ever. And there’s only one way to try to find out.

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I didn’t imply ‘perfect objectivity,’ but rather ‘true objectivity’—which means considering all the data, including those that don’t necessarily align with a particular worldview, before drawing any conclusions. You might want to look up the ‘Third Way’ in evolutionary theory. I’ve written a personal text on teleonomy that mentions the “Third Way”, but its length would prevent it from being accepted in this forum.

Yes, I disagree. Mostly because this idea of “only viewing reality through a scientific lens” in the way it is conceived in the OP betrays a deep misunderstanding of what science is and what it claims.

To pick one example:

“Merely”. He implies that if this really is the explanation for how consciousness and life arises, then it isn’t worth living, and that your life can’t have any “real” meaning or purpose. Then it is “merely” an emergent property material processes.

First of all this isn’t a scientific conclusion. Just because science might imply that conscious experience is generated by a physical process, and the human species is the product of a blind material process that was not somehow aiming for a specific outcome, doesn’t mean the lives we live are without meaning, or can’t have a purpose.

There’s a difference between saying that the process that brought you into being was purposeless, and that your existence itself is purposeless. You are not the process, you are a product of it. You do not somehow magically inherit purposelessness from a physical process, as if it is infused into your atoms.The very idea that what transpired to bring you into being somehow imparts you with some attribute (in this case, it’s absence, as if the lack of purpose can be passed on from process to product) is ridiculous and nonsensical.

If you disagree, point out where I find the purposelessness of your existence in your body? Is it in some organ? In your DNA? No. That’s because that’s not what purposes are. They are ideas in minds. They aren’t heritable. You don’t find purpose anywhere other than in minds. They are like a perspective. A mindset. A lens through which you think of what something is for.

You can create a screwdriver with the intention of using it as a tool for something. You can think the thought that your creation of the screwdriver is for a purpose. A goal. An end. But that intention is not inside the screwdriver. It was not passed on from you to the screwdriver. It’s in your mind. The purpose of the screwdriver is not a heritable property, it stays in your mind as an idea and doesn’t leave. Since that is what purposes are, ideas in your mind, you can quite literally just make one up for yourself and seek it’s fulfillment with your actions. That doesn’t make it false or unreal. It doesn’t have to be any more real than real to you.

Why would it even need to be something other than that? Why are emergent properties of material processes somehow of less worth, meaning, or purpose than… what, immaterial processes? If a soul is somehow magically created and attached to your body, how does that give your life any more meaning and purpose? Why is that more valid, more real, more “binding”(?), or more satisfying than if it is the product of physics?

I should have been more careful with my word choice. I meant to say ‘engage with my text’ rather than ‘engage with my arguments.’ Noted! However, I’m not the one ‘claiming’ that science doesn’t yet know how matter becomes life, how the brain creates thought, or that there is a ‘Third Way’ in evolutionary theory. As for the first two points, they are well-documented observations made by reputable scientists and researchers within their respective fields. As for the ‘Third Way,’ it is not a claim but a fact.

@Rumraket might recall a guy on another forum named Cito de Pense, IIRC. His favourite catchphrase was “Bend a spoon.” The point being that all these claims of “other ways of knowing” are meaningless unless there is a concrete means of demonstrating that they actually produce knowledge. If people who claimed to know how to bend spoons using only the power of their minds could, well, bend spoons using their minds, there would be no question that they possess the knowledge they claim. But that’s not the case.

When the “knowledge” is claimed to find something as ineffable as “meaning”, the problem is compounded.

Whether or not the scientific method determines what is The TruthTM, it undeniably bends spoons.

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It still seems you are making a circular argument about what is “objectively true”, then conflating this truth with worldview. If there are objective measures of truthfulness, then by all means use them. Otherwise, a truth that depends on worldview is only a worldview.

I suggest that usefulness would be less contentious goal for worldviews that truthfulness. Certainly there are useful views that do not meet any hard criteria of objective truth.

The last I checked “The Third Way” doesn’t require much in the way of a new worldview, and it also hasn’t produced useful results in the way that evolutionary theory has done. IIRC there is a criticism the T3W doesn’t even do anything more than mainstream evolutionary theory allows. Why invent a new worldview for it when it is not needed?