Were Dragons Real?

I think it was coined in the 1800’s. And the word dragon dates from around the 13th century. (Old French, if I recall.) Nevertheless, I’m not sure how the age of these terms is relevant here. Of course, the concept of a dragon predates all English vocabulary by many many centuries.

I do agree with the scholars who assert that legends of dragons in various cultures were inspired by their unearthing dinosaur fossils. One didn’t have to be a trained paleontologist in ancient China or in medieval Europe to assume that excavated dinosaur bones were once part of “monstrous” living creatures. Dinosaur fossils are not hard to find in the Gobi desert and they probably played a major role in the prominence of the dragon concept in Chinese art and literature.

The spurious claim that dinosaurs are the “dragons” described in the Bible is a fairly recent fad. (It was part of my own background in a Young Earth Creationist “creation science” oriented church.) We have discussed Job 40 and the BEHEMOTH and LEVIATHAN topics multiple times on these forum threads. You might find them interesting to look up.

It was disappointing to see Ken Ham recirculate so many discredited tropes (e.g., the Cambodian temple’s stegosaurus stone relief carving.) But all of this is predictable when the objective is convincing a layperson audience that dinosaurs lived contemporaneously with people and thereby imply a young earth. Of course, that “logic” is flawed. There are plenty of ancient plant and animal species once thought extinct which were later found to be extant in modern times, even today, yet that in no way requires that the earth is a young planet. (Yes, Ham is also quite willing to misconstrue the meaning of the popular phrase “living fossil” as if it represents some sort of “gotcha” which destroys the credibility of scientists.)

This is one of the issues which helped me to leave my Young Earth Creationist church heritage. A half century has passed and YEC websites still list failed “evidence for a young earth” like “The Niagara Falls are only a few thousand years old. Not millions of years.” and “The volume and sediment deposit rates in the Mississippi River system’s delta formations can be measured and extrapolated to show that they are thousands and not millions of years old.” Indeed, there are a number of “101 Evidences for a Young Earth” lists on various YEC websites and it is humorous how many of the listed points are of the form “______ is consistent with a young earth.” Yes! Anything we observe which is not very old could be said to be consistent with a young earth, including the age of this forum, the founding of the USA in 1776, and the birth of Charlemagne.

And this brings up a fact of the ancient world and even the medieval world: People didn’t necessarily know if some animal description was based on reality or was merely a legend. Indeed, if there are some very entertaining “encyclopedias” of animal life from just a few centuries ago which included lots of entries which were little more than tall tales brought back to Europe by storytelling sailors. Also, reality and myth often got combined in fascinating ways. For example, a unicorn (a “one-horned” creature) was very real but today we know it as the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis, “nose-horn one-horn”.) No doubt there were merchants who returned to Europe and described an animal which was like a horse but had a horn growing out of its face, and artists easily drew the fanciful pixie pony which soon became prominent characters in fables and popular for modern-day greeting cards and children’s toys.

Now THAT is worth its own thread topic!

(After a lifetime in Biblical exegesis and hermeneutics, I would love to discover the “purest” explanation for the Genesis account!)

I thought it was already made clear that there is ZERO evidence for the “unfossilized” duck bill dinosaur bones. If I’m missing something from this thread (after I catch up from a multi-day absence), can you direct me to the peer-reviewed literature that verifies the claim that the hadrosaur fossils were not permineralized? (Was the Mori et al report confirmed in peer-review?)

That was my impression also. Did I misunderstand you, @r_speir?

I would suggest you read what Dr. Schweitzer has stated about the mischaracterizations of her
“soft tissue” discoveries. (Of course, the phrase “soft tissue” is often misunderstood by journalists.)

I’ve seen plenty of radiometric dating papers which discuss the “data noise” one can expect to see in virtually any sample of great age—regardless of whether modern contamination is present. (Rarely will the measurement yield a 0.00000000.) And are you not aware that there are a number well published natural processes which can add C-14 to some samples, which can make them poor candidates for carbon dating? Experts in C-14 dating are very familiar with statistical techniques for dealing with “data noise” (or should I say “signal noise”?) and how such makes C-14 dating beyond about 60,000 years ago virtually impossible.

Wow. You went way off the tracks with that one. You are confusing a popular label (dinosaur) with rigid taxonomies. Yes, ancient dinosaur species are extinct but that doesn’t prevent birds from being quite ubiquitous. Also, ancient Coelacanth species are also entirely extinct—but that doesn’t mean that the two modern species of Coelacanth are any less alive and swimming.

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For this example there were also sailors bringing back the skulls of narwhals which have the one central horn. They added to the unicorn legends.

Turns out Mori wrote a reply in 2016 where he explained he was merely using a different definition of “permineralized” than the original researcher Fiorello. Whether these are called permineralized or only mostly permineralized Mori confirmed he still fully accepts the samples were fossils and date to approx. 70 million years. For some unknown reason PDPrice accidentally omitted that little detail from his selective Mori quotes. Mori’s full reply is upstream in post 82.

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A question for the YEC/YLC supporters. Do you believe the Sumerian cuneiform tablets, which we have found in the hundreds of thousands, are accurately dated? The oldest are over 5,000 years old.

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So … having just asserted (without providing any evidence or supporting documents to back up your claim) that it’s false, you have then expanded on that assertion with an admission that it’s true after all.

Of course these factors are taken into account. That is why radiometric dating is considered reliable but soft tissue remnants are not.

It’s one thing to demonstrate that radiometric dating doesn’t always work when it’s done wrong. It’s a completely different matter to demonstrate that it is so unreliable that it can’t distinguish between thousands and billions even when it’s done right.

And you can’t just cry “assumptions” as if it were some kind of magic shibboleth to let you dismiss anything and everything that you don’t like. Assumptions can be – and are – rigorously tested by cross-checking different methods against each other. In order to dismiss “assumptions,” you have to demonstrate ways in which the cross-checks to test them can consistently give false positives.

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But apparently not sufficiently interested to look for them.

Meanwhile, TJ Runyon is interested in papers on Vance Nelson’s hadrosaur specimen, but you won’t provide any. I’ve even located such a paper, yet you won’t even confirm whether it’s the right specimen!

It’s hypocritical to request others provide something you won’t provide yourself.

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That paper says that osteocalcin can remain intact for more than 100 million years. While it estimates that collagen can last 2.7 million years, that is only an estimate, and furthermore a single figure that doesn’t take variations in pH or chemical isolation into account. It’s also an extrapolation over at least 7 orders of magnitude.

Claiming this as known science is a hell of a stretch.

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I do find it strange that Mori et al. provided no tangible evidence for their claim that the bones were unpermineralised (e.g. bone sections), and as far as I can see none of the previous or subsequent literature on these fossils mentions it either. Certainly I would want to wait for more information before claiming with absolute certainty that these bones really are permineralised.

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This claim does not pass the ‘smell test’. You are suggesting that people living before the dawn of modern science, with little knowledge of paleontology, were able to excavate fossils and assemble them correctly, and then they went on to add these creatures, fleshed out and depicted alive, alongside their representations of other known living animals from the time? That is beyond incredible.

Take for example this 15th century depiction of two sauropod dinosaurs with their necks intertwined from England:

(from Bishop Bell’s brass behemoths! and documented by Vance Nelson in Dire Dragons)

The one on the left has a spiked tail, which is now known as Shunosaurus. To date, fossils of this type of dinosaur have only ever been discovered in China, on the other side of the world. Some lucky guess, huh?

We have discussed Job 40 and the BEHEMOTH and LEVIATHAN topics multiple times on these forum threads. You might find them interesting to look up.

Not really. I’ve done quite a bit of reading into this myself. Behemoth was likely a sauropod dinosaur, and leviathan in Job is likely a creature resembling Sarchosuchus.

It was disappointing to see Ken Ham recirculate so many discredited tropes (e.g., the Cambodian temple’s stegosaurus stone relief carving.)

What is the basis for your claim that the Ta Prohm stegosaur has been discredited? To my knowledge that is not the case. It’s a very clear representation.

There are plenty of ancient plant and animal species once thought extinct which were later found to be extant in modern times, even today, yet that in no way requires that the earth is a young planet.

If so, then you should have no objection to the concept that dinosaurs lived right on up until recent times. But of course, this is to miss the point: if the fossil ‘record’ doesn’t give us a reliable order of animals existing, or not existing, then we need to throw out most of our textbooks on ancient life. You cannot say something “didn’t evolve until XXX year” because it was not yet found in the fossil record, if indeed we know that presence or absence in the record says nothing about whether that creature actually existed!

This is one of the issues which helped me to leave my Young Earth Creationist church heritage.

That’s very unfortunate and I’m sorry to hear it.

Yes! Anything we observe which is not very old could be said to be consistent with a young earth, including the age of this forum, the founding of the USA in 1776, and the birth of Charlemagne.

That is a strawman characterization of those arguments. The point is not that they are merely consistent with a young earth; it is that they are not consistent with an old one.

And this brings up a fact of the ancient world and even the medieval world: People didn’t necessarily know if some animal description was based on reality or was merely a legend. Indeed, if there are some very entertaining “encyclopedias” of animal life from just a few centuries ago which included lots of entries which were little more than tall tales brought back to Europe by storytelling sailors.

Sure. This is a non-sequitur. That does not help you explain why we have historical reports of dragons all across the globe that just so happen to match up with depictions of creatures that are clearly dinosaurs. Perhaps this is why Carl Sagan was famously driven to suggest that these depictions were inspired by an ‘inherited memory’ of dinosaurs that was passed down all the way from our alleged mammalian precursors millions of years ago. (Dragons of Eden)

I’ve seen plenty of radiometric dating papers which discuss the “data noise” one can expect to see in virtually any sample of great age—regardless of whether modern contamination is present.

So let me get this straight: you are saying that a C14 result of, say, 25,000 years, would be totally equivocal between millions of actual years and a true reading of 25,000 years? We would have no way of knowing based upon the C14 test results? Let’s say hypothetically that dinosaur bones are really ONLY 25,000 years old. That places them within the realm of C14 testing, does it not?

Yes, ancient dinosaur species are extinct but that doesn’t prevent birds from being quite ubiquitous. Also, ancient Coelacanth species are also entirely extinct—but that doesn’t mean that the two modern species of Coelacanth are any less alive and swimming.

You are assuming dino-to-bird theory; something that not all evolutionists agree upon. There are strong reasons to reject that idea, but that’s a separate rabbit trail. And you say that modern coelocanths are a ‘different species’ from the ancient extinct ones, but nonetheless they were easily recognizable as coelocanths by scientists when they were caught, were they not? Despite that they wrongly assumed all coelocanths to be extinct based upon their taking the fossil record as a guide to what is alive?

Actually the one on the left has a spiked (or long-eared) head on its tail.

As for “smell tests”, you are suggesting that 3-ton 30ft dinosaurs were wandering round Tudor England, a claim that’s not only “beyond incredible”, but so preposterous as to reduce your credibility to zero.

Have you any other ideas about English history you want to share with us? Maybe

  • The Mary Rose capsized because all the Stegosaurs moved to the starboard side
  • Harald Hardrada was so named because he rode an armoured Hadrosaur into battle
  • The New Forest was intended as a refuge for the king’s Apatosaurs
  • Hadrian’s wall was built to guard against marauding Compsognathi
  • King John was forced to sign the Microraptor after the death of Richard the Tyrannosaur-heart
  • Olaf the Viking caused London Bridge to collapse by herding Diplodoci across it’s central span
  • “For want of a nail” originally referred to Velociraptor saddles
  • Shakespeare celebrated the opening of the Globe Theatre with a Dimetrodon-roast
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No, looks just like a shunosaurus to me. I’ve personally never encountered any creature, let alone a dinosaur, with a head on its tail.

A great variety of fantastical creatures are depicted in medieval art. The fact that a couple of the less outlandish ones happen to bear some resemblance to real ancient animals is certainly plausible simply by chance. I would say it constitutes extremely weak evidence of these pieces of art being based on real animals alive at the same time as the artist.

I remember as a child I drew long snakes with legs because they looked pretty comical - like extremely stretched out sausage dogs. That isn’t evidence that I saw live Tetrapodophis wandering around in my back yard.

Looking more closely, the body of the left “sauropod” on the engraving looks unlike any saurapodomorph I know of, much less Shunosaurus. Look at the way the chest barrels out compared to the underbelly closer to the groin. It looks more like a lean big cat than a dinosaur (red arrows).

bell
Look at the feet of both “sauropods” too - they are clearly more like digitigrade feet than the elephant-like plantigrade-looking feet of sauropods (green arrows).
bell2

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That’s always the escape clause, isn’t it? But sorry I don’t find that plausible. This just amounts to hand-waving to ignore plain evidence.

I remember as a child I drew long snakes with legs because they looked pretty comical - like extremely stretched out sausage dogs. That isn’t evidence that I saw live Tetrapodophis wandering around in my back yard.

This is a very specific drawing that very specifically matches Shunosaurus. This is hand-waving, again.

It looks more like a lean big cat than a dinosaur (red arrows).

That would be one very strange looking, long-necked, spike-tailed cat.

Look at the feet of both “sauropods” too - they are clearly more like digitigrade feet than the elephant-like plantigrade-looking feet of sauropods (green arrows).

Sure, you can nitpick the quality of the artwork, but all things considered, and especially for the time, I think the artist did a magnificent job depicting Shunosaurus.

I didn’t mean that the entire creature looked like a big cat, but just that specific feature. I think the engravings are simply speculative, not accurate depictions of any creature the artist saw. That’s entirely consistent with all the facts, while you have hand-wave away the fact that specific features utterly fail to match sauropods, preferring the more superficial features.

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That’s pretty funny. I have shown this picture to crowds of people, and never once has anybody suggested to me that it looks like a cat. Everybody I’ve shown it to has immediately recognized it as a depiction of long-necked dinosaurs. So which one of us is hand-waving and honing in on superficial features? I’ll let other readers make up their own minds.

Just so everyone’s clear, this is a modern artist’s depiction of Shunosaurus:

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Lol do you have to deliberately misrepresent me? I literally said in the very comment you’re replying to that I don’t think the whole creature looks like a cat.

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So then, by your own admission, you are choosing to home in on features that do not represent the overall appearance of the drawing, which, let’s be fair, was done in the 15th century in brass. The overall depiction is unmistakably a sauropod, and with the tail on the left it is impossible not to see it as Shunosaurus. Unless, of course, you refuse to see that because it would break your worldview.

Then explain this and this and this, and then see if that explanation also works for Bell’s tomb.

Once you’ve done that you can tell us whether the decisive charge in the Battle of Crecy was made by Triceratops-mounted knights.

And once you’ve done that, maybe you’ll finally get around to answering the question you’ve been avoiding for more than 200 posts: which of Vance Nelson’s dinosaur bone specimens was decontaminated, and how could you possibly know.

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But you do find it plausible that the Bishop of Carlisle bred sauropods.

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That’s a terrible picture. He’s missed out the eyes and mouth on the tail.